The condition
The kneecap (patella) glides in a groove at the end of the thigh bone, held on the inner side by the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). When the kneecap dislocates, this ligament tears and often heals loose, so the kneecap may slip out again, causing pain, swelling, and fear of giving way.
The surgery
MPFL reconstruction is a typically outpatient surgery. Through small incisions, a cadaver tendon graft is attached to the kneecap and thigh bone to rebuild the ligament. The joint is generally checked with a camera; loose fragments or cartilage damage may be treated, and tight outer tissue may be loosened. The final plan is determined during surgery.
Recovery at a glance
- Weight-bearing
- Full weight right away with crutches; the brace is locked straight for walking until your thigh muscle controls the knee (typically 2–4 weeks).
- Motion
- No limits—bending is encouraged from day 1: 90° by 2 weeks and 120° by 6 weeks. The brace is off by ~6 weeks.
- Daily life
- Desk work often within 1–2 weeks. No driving while taking narcotic pain medication.
- Running
- Typically 12–16 weeks, once strength and control allow.
- Sports
- No sooner than ~5 months; full return typically 5–6 months, after strength and hop testing.
A general guide. Your restrictions and timeline may change based on what is found and done at surgery.
Risks & benefits
Benefits: Most patients have a stable kneecap and return to sports and activity. Risks are uncommon and include infection, blood clots, the kneecap slipping again, front-of-knee pain, kneecap fracture (rare), injury to nearby structures (such as nerves, blood vessels, or cartilage), stiffness, persistent pain, and the need for further surgery. These will be reviewed with you in detail before surgery.
Patient Surgical Information
Open, save or print. Bring your questions to your pre-op visit.
Before & after every surgery